What is Pneumothorax?
Pneumothorax is the medical term for a collapsed lung, occurring when air leaks into the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to partially or completely collapse. This can result in reduced lung function and difficulty breathing.
Symptoms:
- Sudden, sharp chest pain, often on one side
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid heart rate
- Fatigue
- Bluish skin due to lack of oxygen (in severe cases)
- Coughing, which may worsen the pain
Causes:
- Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Occurs without any apparent reason, often in young, healthy individuals, particularly tall, thin males, or those with underlying lung conditions like COPD or asthma.
- Traumatic Pneumothorax: Caused by chest injury, such as from a car accident, stab wound, or broken rib.
- Medical Procedures: Invasive procedures, like lung biopsies or mechanical ventilation, can accidentally cause pneumothorax.
- Lung Diseases: Conditions like tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, or pneumonia can also increase the risk.
Treatment:
- Small Pneumothorax: May resolve on its own with rest and oxygen therapy.
- Larger or Severe Pneumothorax: Requires needle aspiration or chest tube insertion to remove the air. Surgery may be necessary for recurring or complicated cases. Early detection and treatment are essential to avoid complications like respiratory failure.